The Fate of Karbala Martyrs' Heads - Revision history

Hamedhakimipoor: /* References */

2025-02-28T22:13:16Z

References

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	[[fr:Sort des têtes des martyrs de Karbala]]		[[fr:Sort des têtes des martyrs de Karbala]]
	[[ms:Kisah Kepala-Kepala Syuhada Karbala]]		[[ms:Kisah Kepala-Kepala Syuhada Karbala]]
			[[ps:د کربلا د شهیدانو په سرونو څه تېر شول]]

Hamedhakimipoor: /* The Other Martyrs' Heads */

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The Other Martyrs' Heads

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	== The Other Martyrs' Heads ==		== The Other Martyrs' Heads ==
	Most Shia scholars hold that [[Imam Zayn al-'Ābidin (peace be upon her)]] reached [[Karbala]] on [[Arba'in]] and buried the other martyrs' heads.<ref name=":1"> The author of ''[[Maqtal al-Husayn]]'' cites multiple [[Shia]] and [[Sunni]] sources confirming the martyrs' heads were returned to Karbala for burial.<ref>Maqtal al-Ḥusayn (‘a), Sayyid ‘Abd al-Razzāq Muqarram, ṣ 470, Qom.</ref>		Most Shia scholars hold that [[Imam Zayn al-'Ābidin (peace be upon her)]] reached [[Karbala]] on [[Arba'in]] and buried the other martyrs' heads.<ref name=":1">Qāḍī Ṭabāṭabā’ī, Taḥqīq darbāra-ye Awwalīn Arba‘īn Ḥaḍrat Sayyid al-Shuhadā, j 3, ṣ 304, Nāshir: Bunyād-e ‘Ilmī wa Farhangī-ye Shahīd Qāḍī.</ref> The author of ''[[Maqtal al-Husayn]]'' cites multiple [[Shia]] and [[Sunni]] sources confirming the martyrs' heads were returned to Karbala for burial.<ref>Maqtal al-Ḥusayn (‘a), Sayyid ‘Abd al-Razzāq Muqarram, ṣ 470, Qom.</ref>

	A mausoleum in Damascus's ''Bab as-Saghir'' cemetery, known as ''Mashhad Rū'ūs ash-Shuhadā' Karbalā'', is believed to contain many Karbala martyrs' remains.<ref>Ḥusayn: Nafs-e Muṭma’inna, Muḥammad ‘Alī ‘Ālamī, ṣ 365, Intishārāt-e Hād, chāp-e awwal, 1372 sh.</ref>		A mausoleum in Damascus's ''Bab as-Saghir'' cemetery, known as ''Mashhad Rū'ūs ash-Shuhadā' Karbalā'', is believed to contain many Karbala martyrs' remains.<ref>Ḥusayn: Nafs-e Muṭma’inna, Muḥammad ‘Alī ‘Ālamī, ṣ 365, Intishārāt-e Hād, chāp-e awwal, 1372 sh.</ref>

Hamedhakimipoor: /* Burial in Egypt */

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Burial in Egypt

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	=== Burial in Egypt ===		=== Burial in Egypt ===
	Some sources claim that [[Fatimid caliphs]] transported the head from Damascus's ''Bab al-Farādis'' to 'Asqlān, between Damascus and Egypt, and finally to Egypt for burial at a known location.<ref name=":2"> However, Sibt b. al-Jawzi, a 7th-century Sunni historian, considers this account unverified.<ref name=":2">Lawāji‘ al-Ashjān, ṣ 247. Similarly</ref> Imam Yāfi'i, an 8th-century AH Yemeni scholar, rejects in Mir'āt al-Janān the notion of the head's transfer to 'Asqlān or Cairo.<ref name=":0">Mir’āt al-Jinān, Yāfi‘ī, j 1, ṣ 136, ṭab‘: Ḥaydarābād, 1337 q.</ref>		Some sources claim that [[Fatimid caliphs]] transported the head from Damascus's ''Bab al-Farādis'' to 'Asqlān, between Damascus and Egypt, and finally to Egypt for burial at a known location.<ref name=":2" /> However, Sibt b. al-Jawzi, a 7th-century Sunni historian, considers this account unverified.<ref name=":2">Lawāji‘ al-Ashjān, ṣ 247. Similarly</ref> Imam Yāfi'i, an 8th-century AH Yemeni scholar, rejects in Mir'āt al-Janān the notion of the head's transfer to 'Asqlān or Cairo.<ref name=":0">Mir’āt al-Jinān, Yāfi‘ī, j 1, ṣ 136, ṭab‘: Ḥaydarābād, 1337 q.</ref>

	This latter view is primarily associated with Sunni scholars.<ref name=":2"/>		This latter view is primarily associated with Sunni scholars.<ref name=":2" />

	=== Burial of Imam's (a) Head in Najaf ===		=== Burial of Imam's (a) Head in Najaf ===

Hamedhakimipoor: ابرابزار

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ابرابزار

New page

{{text start}}
{{question}}
What became of the martyrs' heads from Karbala, particularly the sacred head of Imam al-Husayn (peace be upon her)?
{{question end}}
{{portal|امام حسین}}
All martyrs' heads, except those of [[Ali Asghar (peace be upon her)]] and [[Hurr b. Yazid ar-Riyāhi]], were severed and transported with the captives' caravan from Karbala to [[Kufa]] and Damascus. Most [[Shia]] scholars maintain that Imam al-Husayn's (peace be upon her) head was eventually returned to Karbala after its journey to Kufa and [[Damascus]], and was buried with his body. Alternative accounts suggest that his head was interred in Damascus or Egypt. Some sources indicate it was initially buried in [[Medina]] or [[Najaf]] before being returned to Karbala for final burial.

Regarding the other martyrs' heads, the predominant view holds that they were returned to [[Karbala]] for burial. However, a mausoleum in Damascus's ''Bab as-Saghir'' cemetery is attributed to the Karbala martyrs' heads.

== Decapitation of Karbala Martyrs, Except Two Following Imam al-Husayn's (a) Martyrdom ==
[[Umar b. Sa'ad]] ordered the decapitation of all martyrs. Only two were spared:
* [[Ali Asghar (peace be upon her)]], whose head remained intact as [[Imam al-Husayn (peace be upon her)]] had already buried it.
* [[Hurr b. Yazid ar-Riyahi]], whose tribe and relatives prevented his decapitation.<ref name=":3"/>
The martyrs' heads were distributed among various tribes, who carried them to Kufa and Damascus for rewards. After some time in Kufa, the heads were transported to Damascus with the captives' caravan.<ref name=":3">Abū Mikhnaf, Wāqi‘at al-Ṭaff, taḥqīq: Yūsufī Gharawī, tarjuma: Jawād Sulaymānī, ṣ 192 wa 199, Nashr Mu’assasa-ye Imām Khomeinī, Qom.</ref>

== The Fate of Imam al-Husayn's (a) Head ==
Different accounts exist regarding the final resting place of Imam al-Husayn's (peace be upon her) head:
=== Return to Karbala ===
Most [[Shia scholars]] maintain that [[Imam as-Sajjād (peace be upon her)]] returned to [[Karbala]] on [[Arba'in]] (20th of Safar, [[61 AH]]) and buried Imam al-Husayn's (peace be upon her) head there.<ref name=":1"/> [[Sayyid Ibn Tāwūs]], a 7th-century Shia scholar, records in ''[[al-Luhūf]]'' that the head was returned from Damascus and buried with the body in Karbala.<ref>Sayyid ibn Ṭāwūs, Al-Luhūf, ṣ 112, chāp-e dovvom, Ṣaydā.</ref> Sayyid Asrār Husayni Tunkābuni, in Masā'ib al-Hudā, considers this the most widely accepted account among various opinions.<ref>Qāḍī Ṭabāṭabā’ī, Taḥqīq darbāra-ye Awwalīn Arba‘īn Ḥaḍrat Sayyid al-Shuhadā, ṣ 337.</ref>

=== Burial in Egypt ===
Some sources claim that [[Fatimid caliphs]] transported the head from Damascus's ''Bab al-Farādis'' to 'Asqlān, between Damascus and Egypt, and finally to Egypt for burial at a known location.<ref name=":2"> However, Sibt b. al-Jawzi, a 7th-century Sunni historian, considers this account unverified.<ref name=":2">Lawāji‘ al-Ashjān, ṣ 247. Similarly</ref> Imam Yāfi'i, an 8th-century AH Yemeni scholar, rejects in Mir'āt al-Janān the notion of the head's transfer to 'Asqlān or Cairo.<ref name=":0">Mir’āt al-Jinān, Yāfi‘ī, j 1, ṣ 136, ṭab‘: Ḥaydarābād, 1337 q.</ref>

This latter view is primarily associated with Sunni scholars.<ref name=":2"/>

=== Burial of Imam's (a) Head in Najaf ===
According to a [[hadith]], [[Imam Ja'far as-Sādiq (peace be upon her)]] informed a pilgrim to Najaf that they would find two tombs: a larger one for [[Imam Ali (peace be upon her)]] and a smaller one for Imam al-Husayn's (peace be upon her) head.<ref>Ibn Qūlūwayh, Kāmil al-Ziyārāt, 1356 sh, ṣ 35.</ref> It is also recorded that when Imam Ja'far as-Sādiq (peace be upon her) visited Najaf, he performed two rak'ahs of prayer at the site of Imam al-Husayn's (peace be upon her) head burial.<ref>Nigāh konīd bih Wasā’il al-Shī‘a, j 10, Bāb 33, az Abwāb al-Mazār, chāp-e Islāmiyya, Tehrān.</ref>

[[Sayyid b. Tāwūs]] reports that after its burial in Najaf, Imam al-Husayn's (peace be upon her) head was later transferred to [[Karbala]] to reunite with his body.<ref>Jawāhir al-Kalām, j 20, ṣ 93.</ref> The [[Author of Jawāhir al-Kalām|author of Jawāhir al-Kalām]], after citing Sayyid b. Tāwūs's hadiths, suggests the head may have been temporarily interred in Najaf before its final burial in Karbala. He also relates a hadith where Imam Ja'far as-Sādiq (peace be upon her) prayed en route to Najaf, stating: ::{{arabic|translatio=This is where the pure head of my grandfather al-Husayn (peace be upon her) was laid.}}.<ref>Jawāhir al-Kalām, j 20, ṣ 93.</ref>

=== Alternative Accounts ===
One hadith, reported by Zubayr b. Bakkār, claims [[Yazid bin Muawiya|Yazid]] sent [[Imam al-Husayn's (peace be upon her)]] head to Medina's governor, who buried it in [[Jannat al-Baqi']].<ref>Shadhārāt al-Dhahab, ‘Imād Ḥanbalī, j 1, ṣ 67; al-Bidāya wa al-Nihāya, Ibn Kathīr, j 8, ṣ 204.</ref> [[Shia scholars]] dismiss this account as propaganda from the [[Prophet's family's]] opponents, though its proponents also believe the head was eventually transferred to Karbala.<ref>Qāḍī Ṭabāṭabā’ī, Taḥqīq darbāra-ye Awwalīn Arba‘īn Ḥaḍrat Sayyid al-Shuhadā, ṣ 318.</ref> Some historians have also documented the head's burial in Damascus.<ref>Balādhurī, Ansāb al-Ashrāf, 1996 m, j 3, ṣ 214.</ref>

== The Other Martyrs' Heads ==
Most Shia scholars hold that [[Imam Zayn al-'Ābidin (peace be upon her)]] reached [[Karbala]] on [[Arba'in]] and buried the other martyrs' heads.<ref name=":1"> The author of ''[[Maqtal al-Husayn]]'' cites multiple [[Shia]] and [[Sunni]] sources confirming the martyrs' heads were returned to Karbala for burial.<ref>Maqtal al-Ḥusayn (‘a), Sayyid ‘Abd al-Razzāq Muqarram, ṣ 470, Qom.</ref>

A mausoleum in Damascus's ''Bab as-Saghir'' cemetery, known as ''Mashhad Rū'ūs ash-Shuhadā' Karbalā'', is believed to contain many Karbala martyrs' remains.<ref>Ḥusayn: Nafs-e Muṭma’inna, Muḥammad ‘Alī ‘Ālamī, ṣ 365, Intishārāt-e Hād, chāp-e awwal, 1372 sh.</ref>

== References ==
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[[رده:درگاه امام حسین(ع)]]
[[fa:سرگذشت سرهای شهدای كربلا]]
[[fr:Sort des têtes des martyrs de Karbala]]
[[ms:Kisah Kepala-Kepala Syuhada Karbala]]